基于半监督FCM聚类算法的卫星云图分类

针对卫星云图的特点在分类特征集中采用了一种新的特征--差异化特征,该特征反映了云图的内部结构特点,并且具有良好的鲁棒性,能有效地避免云团位置变化对特征的影响.将半监督思想引入到模糊C均值聚类方法(FCM),克服了单纯的FCM方法未考虑领域知识导致的聚类结果的盲目性.半监督FCM方法在聚类过程中加入少量的由领域专家标记的样本,引入专家的领域知识,通过与这些带有类标记的样本进行相似性比较,引导FCM方法的聚类过程.试验结果表明,基于具有差异化特征的云图特征集,半监督FCM方法能有效地提高云图分类的准确率.     

结合层次法与主成分分析特征变换的宫颈细胞识别

对宫颈细胞进行多分类可以自动识别出不同状态的细胞,进而为宫颈癌诊断提供科学依据。在用6种多分类算法进行实验后,选取支持向量机作为基分类器,先用一对一策略训练6个分类器进行3分类,然后再训练1个2分类器,这种二层4分类方法提高了识别准确率。考虑不同层特征模式的差异性,在保证识别性能的同时,每层分类前先采用主成分分析法将原始154维特征变换到低维空间,去除冗余特征,加快识别速度。实验证明,所提层次主成分分析法在宫颈细胞分类中相比6种传统多分类方法有更高的识别准确率,可达90%以上;识别速度也较普通层次法提升了21.31%。     

基于粗糙集和支持向量机的火炮内膛疵病识别方法

火炮内膛疵病智能识别是火炮内膛窥测的最终目标,它涉及到内膛疵病的特征提取和疵病识别两方面。首先建立了包括疵病形状、纹理与颜色特征的火炮内膛疵病特征体系;并采用模糊粗糙集理论分析了各疵病特征对疵病识别的敏感性,由此优化了疵病特征体系,降低了疵病特征维数;建立了最小二乘支持向量机小样本、非线性数据特征的多疵病分类器,提高了疵病识别效率和质量。     

决策树报文分类算法

报文分类是网络的基本功能,研究人员在过去二十年提出了众多解决方案,其中决策树报文分类算法由于吞吐量高、适用于多字段、可流水线化等特点受到了广泛关注和深入研究。本文介绍了决策树算法最新研究成果,阐述了决策树报文分类算法的几何意义、常用技术和测试基准,从节点切割技术和规则集分组技术两个维度对决策树算法进行了系统分析和归纳。针对两类常用的决策树构建技术介绍了其中的典型算法,对比了各种典型算法的设计思路和特点,分析了它们的适用场景。总结并展望了决策树算法的下一步研究方向。     

非椭圆扩展目标联合跟踪与分类算法

充分利用目标尺寸和形状信息,提出了一种基于星凸随机超曲面模型(random hypersurface model, RHM)的非椭圆扩展目标联合跟踪与分类(joint tracking and classification, JTC)算法。将目标空间扩展状态建模为星凸形状,通过目标类别相关先验信息的矢量化建模,建立起其与目标瞬时扩展状态的关系,并在统一的贝叶斯滤波框架下,实现跟踪与分类的一体化处理;进一步对目标运动学状态和扩展状态单独进行建模,并通过构建扩展状态的似然函数,利用粒子滤波实现目标类别概率算式的递推处理。仿真结果表明:与基于椭圆形状的扩展目标JTC算法相比,所提算法能对尺寸相近、形状不同的目标进行准确分类,同时可改善目标状态的估计效果;与基于星凸RHM的扩展目标跟踪算法相比,所提算法能大幅提高目标状态的估计性能。     

建筑材料燃烧性能分级新变革

介绍我国建筑材料燃烧性能分级的现状和未来的发展方向,提出引进欧盟的分级体系形成新的分级方法,并进行分析比较。     

Classical geopolitics,realism and the balance of power theory

Since the end of World War II, classical geopolitics as a particular form of realism has been disengaged from the development of mainstream realist theories. This disengagement has not only concealed the value of classical geopolitics as a framework of analysis for policy and strategy, but also created an increasing rift between theory and policy in contemporary realist theories. This paper seeks to reengage classical geopolitics with mainstream realist theories by clarifying its realist traits and analytical characteristics, (re)stating its core propositions and probing into its potential contribution to the development of mainstream realist theories. This paper contends that classical geopolitics, while having a distinctive pedigree, can arguably be considered an integral part of the family of realist theories in view of its basic theoretical assumptions concerning international anarchy, the unit of analysis and power politics. As a framework of analysis, classical geopolitics incorporates three interrelated strategic propositions. Those three propositions not only constitute the theoretical core of classical geopolitics, but also manifest a peculiar balance-of-power conception that is essentially distinct from those proposed by mainstream realist theories. This paper argues that those three propositions combined promise to fill in prominent lacuna in the balance-of-power research programme, and also have significant implications for contemporary world politics.     

陆军通用装备保障体系改革研究

对陆军通用保障体系建设现状及存在的问题进行了分析,提出了陆军通用装备保障体系改革的目标和原则,从科学统筹保障任务、优化配置专业力量、统一建设保障手段、强化基于信息系统的体系运行管理等4个方面阐述了具体改革内容,为陆军通用装备保障体系改革实践提供了理论依据和支撑。     

航空发动机燃滑油附件后盖裂纹原因分析与预防对策

针对某型航空发动机燃-滑油附件后盖同部位成批次出现裂纹的问题,提出了裂纹故障引导转移的避障策略。通过研究裂纹产生的主要原因,分析后盖不同部位所产生的裂纹可能对航空发动机造成的危害程度,调整改变原支撑结构,在后盖非关键部位形成新的应力集中点,降低关键部位应力集中区的应力幅值,迫使故障从不可修复的关键部位转移到可修复的非关键部位。经计算机仿真,确定了裂纹引导缺口的最佳参数;同时,仿真结果表明,裂纹故障引导转移策略合理可行。     

A ‘transparent gold’ rush?

Abstract

The signing of a new treaty on the equitable sharing of the Nile waters – signed last May in Kampala by Rwanda, Ethiopia, Uganda and Tanzania – has the potential of derailing relations with Sudan and Egypt. According to the latter countries, this new agreement replaces the 1959 Nile agreement – that awarded them with 90 per cent control over the Nile water – giving other Nile Basin countries the possibility to implement water-related projects in agriculture and energy. This new development, according to Egypt and Sudan, places their water level security in jeopardy. Furthermore, the use of land grabs and water consumption for food security by wealthy foreign countries contributes to the sensitive situation the nine Nile Basin countries are now facing. Water is a red line when it comes to Egypt and Sudan and the future of the whole region depends on whether this line will be crossed.